Archive for the tag: Infection

How do you know if you have a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

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Make an appointment with Paula Elbirt, MD: http://www.mountsinai.org/profiles/paula-m-elbirt
Find a doctor: http://www.mountsinai.org/fad

Paula Elbirt, MD is a board-certified pediatrician, specializing in Adolescent Medicine, at Mount Sinai Doctors, seeing patients, ages 12-24, on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays in Brooklyn Heights. Trained in Philadelphia and New York City, she is certified by the American Board of Pediatrics. She was awarded her medical degree from Hahnemann University and completed her residency in Pediatrics and fellowship in Pulmonary Pediatrics at the Mount Sinai Hospital. Dr. Elbirt has several published writings, including: Dr. Paula’s Good Nutrition Guide for Babies, Toddlers, and Preschoolers; Dr. Paula’s House Calls to Your Newborn; and Seventeen Magazine’s Guide to Sex and Your Body. She has a particular interest in adolescent empowerment and risk reduction. .

Mount Sinai Doctors, located at 300 Cadman Plaza West, is a two-floor multispecialty practice with a walk-in urgent care center and more than 35 specialties, including Adolescent Medicine, Allergy, Cardiology, Dermatology, Diabetes Education, Endocrinology, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Infectious Disease, Maternal & Fetal Medicine, Nephrology, OBGYN, Ophthalmology, Optometry & Optical Shop, Orthopedics, Pediatrics, Pulmonology, Radiology, Rheumatology, Travel Medicine, Urology, and Vascular Surgery. The practice is located at 300 Cadman Plaza West, on the 17th and 18th floors, in Brooklyn Heights. You can make appointments online at http://www.mountsinai.org/bh or via ZocDoc at http://bit.ly/29LNAIG
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Malaria 3D Animation Shows How the Infection Spreads in the Body

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part 2 – https://youtu.be/JwZxseDKxNU part 3 – https://youtu.be/iJwyLX9J68I In this 3D animation, which is part 1 in a series of 3, we take a detailed look at malaria. Schedule a discovery call for your next project: https://calendly.com/elarasystems/dc This video is a great representation of the work done by Elara Systems.

Our team at Elara Systems is dedicated to crafting immersive experiences that captivate and engage audiences. Visit our website https://ElaraSystems.com to stay updated on our latest projects and collaborations. Let’s bring your ideas to life with the power of XR and animation.

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When Does a Urinary tract infection Turn into a Kidney Infection? Dr. Santosh Hedau | CARE Hospitals

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When Does a Urinary tract infection Turn into a Kidney Infection? Dr. Santosh Hedau | CARE Hospitals

Urinary tract infection: An overview of the infection and what are the risk factors. when a UTI infects your kidneys? explained by Dr. Santosh Hedau – Consultant Nephrologist & Transplant Physician at CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad.

#CAREHospitals #TransformingHealthcare #uti #urinarytractinfection #medicina #kidneystones#womenshealth #de #kidneyinfection

To know more about Dr. Santosh Hedau Visit: https://bit.ly/3obs5H8

For Consultation Call – 040 6720 6588

CARE Hospitals is a multi-specialty healthcare provider with 11 hospitals and an outreach into six cities across five states in India with over 2000 beds. Today CARE Hospitals Group is the regional leader in South and Central India and is amongst the top-four Pan-Indian hospital chains. It delivers comprehensive care in over 30 clinical specialties such as Cardiac Sciences, Oncology, Neurosciences, Renal Sciences, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Orthopaedics & Joint Replacement, ENT, Vascular Surgery, Emergency & Trauma, and Integrated Organ Transplants to name a few. With its state-of-the-art infrastructure, an internationally-certified team of eminent doctors, and a caring environment, CARE Hospitals Group is the preferred healthcare destination for people living in India and abroad.

To know more visit our website – https://www.carehospitals.com/

Social Media Links:
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Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media), Causes, SIgns and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.

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Chapters

0:00 Introduction
1:45 Causes of Middle Ear Infection
2:35 Symptoms of Middle Ear Infection
3:18 Diagnosis of Middle Ear Infection
4:02 Treatment of Middle Ear Infection

A middle ear infection is a condition that occurs when a virus or bacteria causes the air-filled space behind the eardrum to become inflamed.
• Also called otitis media, a middle ear infection is the most common type of ear infection individuals face.
• This condition is more prevalent in children than in adults. The Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital at Stanford estimates that middle ear infections occur in 80% of children by the time they reach age 3.
• It is easier for parents to recognize the condition in children who are able to articulate how they are feeling than in infants and toddlers.
• Hearing problems and other serious complications can develop from long-term exposure to ear infections – persistent or frequent ear infections, persistent fluid in the middle ear.
• These complications may include impaired hearing, the spread of infection, tearing of eardrum, and even speech and developmental delay.

Some other conditions that may result in similar middle ear problems or that may be related to an ear infection may include:

• Otitis media with effusion (OME) which occurs when mucus and fluid persist or continue to build up in the middle ear after an infection has resolved. It may also occur following some dysfunction or noninfectious blockage of the Eustachian tube.
• Acute otitis media, this types comes on quickly and is accompanied by swelling and redness in the ear.
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How does our immune system protect us against diseases? What do our white blood cells do during an infection?

In Episode 2 of our short animation series, we take a look at the various white blood cells that are an essential part of our immune system. This video provides an overview of the function of each type of cell, and how interactions between different white blood cells are required to create an effective immune response.

When a pathogen enters our body, it can start to multiply inside us, making us ill. How does our immune system respond to fight off the pathogen? Our immune system contains a variety of white blood cells that all have their own role to play in protecting us from disease.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of better understanding our immune system, and how it works alone, and alongside medicine, to keep the world safe from infectious diseases.

This educational animation was brought to you by Oxford Immunotec.

Find out more about the immune response to viral infections, including to COVID-19, via the educational materials page:
https://www.tcellexperts.com/educational-content

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How rabies infection occurs

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It is essential to seek treatment for rabies immediately after being bitten or scratched by an unvaccinated animal. The virus can take days, weeks or even months to reach the brain – but once it does, it is 100% fatal.

The One Health in Africa Centre at ILRI supports the eradication effort against rabies in Kenya through mass dog vaccination campaigns.

(USMLE topics, urology) UTIs: symptoms, causes, risks factors, complication and treatment. This video is available for instant download licensing here : https://www.alilamedicalmedia.com/-/galleries/all-animations/urinary-system-videos/-/medias/f88f1dfa-d372-4450-9c86-c6ce44a8aeba-urinary-tract-infection-narrated-animation
Voice by: Sue Stern
©Alila Medical Media. All rights reserved.
Support us on Patreon and get FREE downloads and other great rewards: patreon.com/AlilaMedicalMedia
All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
A urinary tract infection, or UTI, is an infection in any part of the urinary system — the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.
An infection of the urethra, or urethritis, may cause burning sensation when urinating and cloudy discharge. A bladder infection, or cystitis, may result in pelvic pain, frequent, painful urination, and blood in urine. A kidney infection, or acute pyelonephritis, may cause back pain (possibly only on one side), high fever, chills and nausea.
UTIs typically occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and multiply in the bladder. Most commonly, these bacteria come from the digestive tract through fecal matter. UTIs are more common in women because of their anatomy. Specifically, the short distance from the A to the opening of the urethra and bladder makes it easier for the bacteria from the digestive tract to reach the urinary system. This is why the most common UTIs occur mainly in women and affect the bladder and urethra.
Other bacteria may be brought over with S contact. Women who use certain types of birth control such as diaphragms or spermicidal agents are more at risk. Hormonal deficiency during menopause also makes women more vulnerable to infection.
Infection limited to the bladder can be easily treated with antibiotics. However, if left untreated, a lower urinary tract infection may spread up to the kidneys where it becomes more dangerous. A kidney infection may result in permanent kidney damage. In rare cases, an infection may also spread to the bloodstream and can be life threatening.
Urinary tract infections can be prevented following these steps:
– Drink plenty of fluids – to flush out bacteria more frequently.
– Wipe from front to back after a bowel movement – this helps prevent bacteria in stools from spreading to the urethra.
– Empty the bladder soon after I to flush bacteria.
– Avoid feminine products such as douches and powders, which could irritate the urethra.
– Avoid diaphragms and spermicides as birth control methods
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Pathology of Urinary Tract Infection

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Pathology of Urinary Tract Infection

What is a urinary tract infection? Dr. Jorge Murillo, Infectious Disease Physician with Baptist Health South Florida, explains with an image how is the structure of the urinary tract and talks about what can cause an infection.

IMMUNE RESPONSE TO BACTERIAL INFECTION (Innate vs. Adaptive)

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A pricked finger means the immune system is hard at work. An important part of the innate immune system, the skin – has been breached, and bacteria are entering the body. The first immune cells they encounter are mast cells and dendritic cells. These cells can distinguish self from non-self thanks to the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, or PAMPs, which are molecules associated with pathogens. This recognition is not specific to any invader, but rather identifies a general attribute common to pathogens. This recognition is thanks to their pattern recognition receptors, or PRRs. The PAMPs they recognize can include bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Now that microbial components have been recognized, the body springs into action, and the inflammatory response is initiated.
The mast cells stay on the battlefield, releasing histamine and heparin. Histamine causes vasodilation of nearby blood vessels and heparin is an anticoagulant. The result is increased blood flow to the infected area, which allows more white blood cells to get there. The mast cells also release cytokines, which are cell signalling proteins that affect the behaviour of nearby cells. In this case, the cytokines are used to call macrophages and neutrophils to the area.
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells. They release cytokines as well, amplifying the inflammatory response. They attack pathogens in three ways – phagocytosis (engulfing pathogens – and they can ingest up to 20 each), degranulation (release of soluble antimicrobials), and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps, or NETs. NETs are primarily composed of the neutrophils’ DNA and bind pathogens. This binding occurs thanks to positive charged proteins on the bacteria’s surface interacting with negatively charged chromatin fibers.
Dendritic cells engulf antigens – foreign substances that elicit an immune response – and break them up into smaller pieces called epitopes. Dendritic cells in the epithelial tissue move out of t he infected area and into the lymph nodes.
The innate immune system has non-specific means of intruder identification and resistance. However, when the dendritic cells enter the lymph nodes, they link the innate immune system to the adaptive immune system. The adaptive immune system consists of T cells and B cells, and brings in anti-pathogenic weaponry specific to the attacker.
T-cells are produced in the thymus, differentiating into four types: helper T-cells, cytotoxic T-cells, regulatory T-cells, or Tregs, and memory T-cells.
T-cells are specific to one antigen. After leaving the thymus, they circulate the body until an APC presents an antigen that matches their T-cell receptor, or TCR. Following this initial activation, the T-cell’s CD4 or CD8 molecule also binds the MHC of the APC, stabilizing the connection. Helper T-cells and cytotoxic T-cells also need secondary signals, as well as cytokines to become fully activated. Following these signals, the T-cell begins to divide rapidly and moves to the site of inflammation to fight the pathogen. At the infection site, mast cells, neutrophils, and epithelial cells can produce cytokines to induce further activation and proliferation of the T-cells.
Immature B-cells can be activated either by attaching to a free-floating antigen or thanks to helper T-cells or dendritic cells that present an epitope matching their B-cell receptors, or BCRs. BCRs consist of a membrane bound antibody, which is a large, Y-shaped protein that bind antigens, CD79A and CD79B. The B-cell receptor and antigen undergo cell-mediated endocytosis.
Recognition of an antigen stimulates B-cells to proliferate, and the activated B-cells undergo clonal expansion. As they proliferate, these many clones undergo somatic hypermutation. AID introduces point mutations into the clones. For some clones, this results in an increased affinity to the antigen, while for others, this means a decreased affinity. The antigen is proteolytically broken down and an epitope is then displayed on the B-cell’s surface, attached to an MHC class II protein. Before the B-cell can do anything, a helper T cell with a complementary TCR, and CD4+ glycoprotein must bind the antigen. The T helper cell then releases cytokines that let the B-cell take the next step. This is a safety mechanism to prevent accidental activation of the B-cells. The B-cells that have decreased affinity then undergo apoptosis, while the B-cells with increased affinity differentiate, becoming either a plasma cell, or a memory B-cell. The plasma cells produce antibodies matching their BCRs into the blood and lymph. Meanwhile, the memory B cells store antibodies in case of future reinfection.
When antibodies bind antigens, they label them for destruction by cells such as macrophages and neutrophils. B-cells mediate your humoral immune response, so called because it involves substances in your body fluids.
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What happens when you're infected with the COVID-19 coronavirus? | DW News

The vast majority of patients with the new coronavirus recover successfully without needing serious medical attention. So how many people recover – and what helps?
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Boys Foreskin Infection | Cause & Prevention Tips | छोटे लड़कों में फोरस्किन इन्फेक्शन क्यों होता है

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♥♥Kabir’s YouTube Channel ► https://www.youtube.com/c/KabirPayet

► Balanitis Explained 00:10
► Why does it happen 1:50
► Doctor’s Treatment 3:34
► How to prevent 5:22
► Prevention Method_1 5:37
► Prevention Method_2 6:25
► Prevention Method_3 7:03
► Final Tips 7:54

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♥♥MomComIndia is a channel created to share personal experiences with its audiences, none of the recommendations of this channel are sponsored by any company or product. We are not medical professionals & do not claim to be so, please consult your doctor before taking any medication or trying any remedy suggested in our videos. As each baby is different with different needs, recommendations on this channel may not work for you, and hence should not be considered as an excuse to not visit your doctor or consult a medical practitioner♥♥
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What causes wound infection?

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Clinical features of infection

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